oci_fetch_array

(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL OCI8 >= 1.1.0)

oci_fetch_array — Returns the next row from a query as an associative or numeric array

Description

oci_fetch_array(resource $statement, int $mode = OCI_BOTH | OCI_RETURN_NULLS): array|false

Returns an array containing the next result-set row of a query. Each array entry corresponds to a column of the row. This function is typically called in a loop until it returns false, indicating no more rows exist.

If statement corresponds to a PL/SQL block returning Oracle Database Implicit Result Sets, then rows from all sets are consecutively fetched. If statement is returned by oci_get_implicit_resultset(), then only the subset of rows for one child query are returned.

For details on the data type mapping performed by the OCI8 extension, see the datatypes supported by the driver

Parameters

statement

A valid OCI8 statement identifier created by oci_parse() and executed by oci_execute(), or a REF CURSOR statement identifier.

Can also be a statement identifier returned by oci_get_implicit_resultset().

mode

An optional second parameter can be any combination of the following constants:

oci_fetch_array() Modes
Constant Description
OCI_BOTH Returns an array with both associative and numeric indices. This is the same as OCI_ASSOC + OCI_NUM and is the default behavior.
OCI_ASSOC Returns an associative array.
OCI_NUM Returns a numeric array.
OCI_RETURN_NULLS Creates elements for null fields. The element values will be a PHP null.
OCI_RETURN_LOBS Returns the contents of LOBs instead of the LOB descriptors.

The default mode is OCI_BOTH.

Use the addition operator "+" to specify more than one mode at a time.

Return Values

Returns an array with associative and/or numeric indices. If there are no more rows in the statement then false is returned.

By default, LOB columns are returned as LOB descriptors.

DATE columns are returned as strings formatted to the current date format. The default format can be changed with Oracle environment variables such as NLS_LANG or by a previously executed ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT command.

Oracle's default, non-case sensitive column names will have uppercase associative indices in the result array. Case-sensitive column names will have array indices using the exact column case. Use var_dump() on the result array to verify the appropriate case to use for each query.

The table name is not included in the array index. If your query contains two different columns with the same name, use OCI_NUM or add a column alias to the query to ensure name uniqueness, see example #7. Otherwise only one column will be returned via PHP.

Examples

Example #1 oci_fetch_array() with OCI_BOTH

<?php

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT department_id, department_name FROM departments');
oci_execute($stid);

while (($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_BOTH)) != false) {
    // Use the uppercase column names for the associative array indices
    echo $row[0] . " and " . $row['DEPARTMENT_ID']   . " are the same<br>\n";
    echo $row[1] . " and " . $row['DEPARTMENT_NAME'] . " are the same<br>\n";
}

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #2 oci_fetch_array() with OCI_NUM

<?php

/*
  Before running, create the table:
      CREATE TABLE mytab (id NUMBER, description CLOB);
      INSERT INTO mytab (id, description) values (1, 'A very long string');
      COMMIT;
*/

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT id, description FROM mytab');
oci_execute($stid);

while (($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_NUM)) != false) {
    echo $row[0] . "<br>\n";
    echo $row[1]->read(11) . "<br>\n"; // this will output first 11 bytes from DESCRIPTION
}

// Output is:
//    1
//    A very long

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #3 oci_fetch_array() with OCI_ASSOC

<?php

/*
  Before running, create the table:
      CREATE TABLE mytab (id NUMBER, description CLOB);
      INSERT INTO mytab (id, description) values (1, 'A very long string');
      COMMIT;
*/

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT id, description FROM mytab');
oci_execute($stid);

while (($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC)) != false) {
    echo $row['ID'] . "<br>\n";
    echo $row['DESCRIPTION']->read(11) . "<br>\n"; // this will output first 11 bytes from DESCRIPTION
}

// Output is:
//    1
//    A very long

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #4 oci_fetch_array() with OCI_RETURN_NULLS

<?php

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT 1, null FROM dual');
oci_execute($stid);
while (($row = oci_fetch_array ($stid, OCI_ASSOC)) != false) { // Ignore NULLs
    var_dump($row);
}

/*
The above code prints:
  array(1) {
    [1]=>
    string(1) "1"
  }
*/

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT 1, null FROM dual');
oci_execute($stid);
while (($row = oci_fetch_array ($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) != false) { // Fetch NULLs
    var_dump($row);
}

/*
The above code prints:
  array(2) {
    [1]=>
    string(1) "1"
    ["NULL"]=>
    NULL
  }
*/

?>

Example #5 oci_fetch_array() with OCI_RETURN_LOBS

<?php

/*
  Before running, create the table:
      CREATE TABLE mytab (id NUMBER, description CLOB);
      INSERT INTO mytab (id, description) values (1, 'A very long string');
      COMMIT;
*/

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT id, description FROM mytab');
oci_execute($stid);

while (($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_LOBS)) != false) {
    echo $row['ID'] . "<br>\n";
    echo $row['DESCRIPTION'] . "<br>\n"; // this contains all of DESCRIPTION
    // In a loop, freeing the large variable before the 2nd fetch reduces PHP's peak memory usage
    unset($row); 
}

// Output is:
//    1
//    A very long string

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #6 oci_fetch_array() with case sensitive column names

<?php

/*
   Before running, create the table:
      CREATE TABLE mytab ("Name" VARCHAR2(20), city VARCHAR2(20));
      INSERT INTO mytab ("Name", city) values ('Chris', 'Melbourne');
      COMMIT;
*/

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'select * from mytab');
oci_execute($stid);
$row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS);

// Because 'Name' was created as a case-sensitive column, that same
// case is used for the array index.  However uppercase 'CITY' must
// be used for the case-insensitive column index
print $row['Name'] . "<br>\n";   //  prints Chris
print $row['CITY'] . "<br>\n";   //  prints Melbourne

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #7 oci_fetch_array() with columns having duplicate names

<?php

/*
  Before running, create the tables:
      CREATE TABLE mycity (id NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(20));
      INSERT INTO mycity (id, name) values (1, 'Melbourne');
      CREATE TABLE mycountry (id NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(20));
      INSERT INTO mycountry (id, name) values (1, 'Australia');
      COMMIT;
*/

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$sql = 'SELECT mycity.name, mycountry.name
        FROM mycity, mycountry
        WHERE mycity.id = mycountry.id';
$stid = oci_parse($conn, $sql);
oci_execute($stid);
$row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC);
var_dump($row);

// Output only contains one "NAME" entry:
//    array(1) {
//      ["NAME"]=>
//      string(9) "Australia"
//    }

// To query a repeated column name, use an SQL column alias like "AS ctnm":
$sql = 'SELECT mycity.name AS ctnm, mycountry.name 
        FROM mycity, mycountry 
        WHERE mycity.id = mycountry.id';
$stid = oci_parse($conn, $sql);
oci_execute($stid);
$row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC);
var_dump($row);

// Output now contains both columns selected:
//    array(2) {
//      ["CTNM"]=>
//      string(9) "Melbourne"
//      ["NAME"]=>
//      string(9) "Australia"
//    }


oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #8 oci_fetch_array() with DATE columns

<?php

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

// Set the date format for this connection.
// For performance reasons, consider changing the format
// in a trigger or with environment variables instead
$stid = oci_parse($conn, "ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD'");
oci_execute($stid);

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT hire_date FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 188');
oci_execute($stid);
$row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC);
echo $row['HIRE_DATE'] . "<br>\n";  // prints 1997-06-14

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #9 oci_fetch_array() with REF CURSOR

<?php
/*
  Create the PL/SQL stored procedure as:

  CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE myproc(p1 OUT SYS_REFCURSOR) AS
  BEGIN
    OPEN p1 FOR SELECT * FROM all_objects WHERE ROWNUM < 5000;
  END;
*/

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'BEGIN myproc(:rc); END;');
$refcur = oci_new_cursor($conn);
oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':rc', $refcur, -1, OCI_B_CURSOR);
oci_execute($stid);

// Execute the returned REF CURSOR and fetch from it like a statement identifier
oci_execute($refcur);  
echo "<table border='1'>\n";
while (($row = oci_fetch_array($refcur, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) != false) {
    echo "<tr>\n";
    foreach ($row as $item) {
        echo "    <td>".($item !== null ? htmlentities($item, ENT_QUOTES) : "&nbsp;")."</td>\n";
    }
    echo "</tr>\n";
}
echo "</table>\n";

oci_free_statement($refcur);
oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #10 Pagination with oci_fetch_array() using a LIMIT-like query

<?php

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

// Find the version of the database
preg_match('/Release ([0-9]+)\./', oci_server_version($conn), $matches);
$oracleversion = $matches[1];

// This is the query you want to "page" through
$sql = 'SELECT city, postal_code FROM locations ORDER BY city';

if ($oracleversion >= 12) {
    // Make use of Oracle 12c OFFSET / FETCH NEXT syntax
    $sql = $sql . ' OFFSET :offset ROWS FETCH NEXT :numrows ROWS ONLY';
} else {
    // Older Oracle versions need a nested query selecting a subset
    // from $sql.  Or, if the SQL statement is known at development
    // time, consider using a row_number() function instead of this
    // nested solution.  In production environments, be careful to
    // avoid SQL Injection issues with concatenation.
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM (SELECT a.*, ROWNUM AS my_rnum
                           FROM ($sql) a
                           WHERE ROWNUM <= :offset + :numrows)
            WHERE my_rnum > :offset";
}

$offset  = 0;  // skip this many rows
$numrows = 5;  // return 5 rows
$stid = oci_parse($conn, $sql);
oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':numrows', $numrows);
oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':offset', $offset);
oci_execute($stid);

while (($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC + OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) != false) {
    echo $row['CITY'] . " " . $row['POSTAL_CODE'] . "<br>\n";
}

// Output is:
//    Beijing 190518
//    Bern 3095
//    Bombay 490231
//    Geneva 1730
//    Hiroshima 6823

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Example #11 oci_fetch_array() with Oracle Database Implicit Result Sets

<?php

$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/pdborcl');
if (!$conn) {
    $e = oci_error();
    trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}

// Requires OCI8 2.0 (or later) and Oracle Database 12c (or later)
// Also see oci_get_implicit_resultset()
$sql = 'DECLARE
           c1 SYS_REFCURSOR;
        BEGIN
           OPEN c1 FOR SELECT city, postal_code FROM locations WHERE ROWNUM < 4 ORDER BY city;
           DBMS_SQL.RETURN_RESULT(c1);
           OPEN c1 FOR SELECT country_id FROM locations WHERE ROWNUM < 4 ORDER BY city;
           DBMS_SQL.RETURN_RESULT(c1);
        END;';

$stid = oci_parse($conn, $sql);
oci_execute($stid);

// Note: oci_fetch_all and oci_fetch() cannot be used in this manner
echo "<table>\n";
while (($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) != false) {
    echo "<tr>\n";
    foreach ($row as $item) {
        echo "  <td>".($item!==null?htmlentities($item, ENT_QUOTES|ENT_SUBSTITUTE):"&nbsp;")."</td>\n";
    }
    echo "</tr>\n";
}
echo "</table>\n";

// Output is:
//    Beijing 190518
//    Bern    3095
//    Bombay  490231
//    CN
//    CH
//    IN

oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);

?>

Notes

Note:

Associative array indices need to be in uppercase for standard Oracle columns that were created with case insensitive names.

Note:

For queries returning a large number of rows, performance can be significantly improved by increasing oci8.default_prefetch or using oci_set_prefetch().

Note:

The function oci_fetch_array() is insignificantly slower than oci_fetch_assoc() or oci_fetch_row(), but is more flexible.

See Also

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